Whether they are used for compartmentation strategies or along means of egress paths, fire-rated framing and glass systems can support code-compliant interiors that are also visually connected and allow the deep penetration of daylight. But this begs the question do exterior walls need a fire rating?
While non-structural components of exterior walls often do not need a fire rating, certain designs and building locations may require them for all elements components of a wall, including openings.
First, according to Table 705.9 in the 2024 edition of the IBC, exit door assemblies may need to incorporate fire-rated materials. Fire-rated doors protect a means of egress system, offering a 24/7 passive fire defense in the event active fire suppression systems, like sprinklers, fail.
Fire-rated door assemblies can include full-lite fire-rated doors as well as fire-rated glass transoms, vision- and sidelites. When these systems incorporate narrow-profile, fire-rated frames, they can help facilitate a close visual match to adjacent, non-rated openings.
Another condition that necessitates fire-rated exterior walls is a building’s proximity to lot lines or other buildings. The International Building Code (IBC) states that a building will need fire-rated materials on both sides of an exterior wall if it is located 10 feet or less from a lot line or another building.
A building’s condition may change with ongoing urban development, and local building codes may have more stringent criteria. As such, project teams are encouraged to consult with an Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ) to determine the exact needs for retrofits and new builds.
To meet this requirement without compromising visual connection and daylight access, design teams can specify fire-rated glazing assemblies. Whether an expansive exterior curtain wall or a window within an exterior wall, these systems can contribute to occupant-centered and code-compliant designs.
Finally, certain building return conditions, like egress courts that are flanked by close exterior walls, may require those walls to incorporate fire-rated materials. This may include fire-rated framing and glass for openings, or entire fire-rated curtain walls. For projects with these return conditions, narrow-profile fire-rated frames and fire-rated glazing products with optimal clarity support a cohesive design aesthetic across a building’s entire façade.
Fire-rated design can be nuanced, but project teams do not have to navigate their options alone. Contact Technical Glass Products (TGP) to get more information on fire-rated framing and glass solutions or to schedule a lunch and learn presentation.
