Which International Building Code (IBC) updates do I need to be aware of?

Code requirements for fire-rated glazing in openings can seem complex and challenging. While primarily housed in Section 716, these mandates are woven throughout the International Building Code (IBC). Compounding this complexity is IBC’s three-year update cycle, which frequently introduces critical changes to safety standards. While essential to the ongoing safety of building occupants, these shifting regulations can feel like a moving target.

Starting with the 2006 edition and moving into the most current IBC, the following lists some key code changes to help designers navigate code requirements when specifying fire-rated glazing assemblies. As with other code matters, it is crucial to confirm local fire safety requirements with an Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ).

IBC updates between 2006 and 2018

To understand new IBC updates for fire-rated openings, it is important to be aware of the changes that led to the current IBC. Not only is this relevant as local code requirements may be based on previous editions of the IBC, but also being aware of code changes can help designers understand the intent behind these and future changes.

• Limitations on the use of traditional wired glass – As of the 2006 IBC, traditional wired glass is prohibited in hazardous locations in all building types. Fire-rated glazing in hazardous locations, including doors, sidelites, windows near the floor and other areas at risk for impact, must also meet impact safety testing standards.
• Simplified label scheme for fire-rated glazing – The 2012 IBC introduced a streamlined set of markings to indicate the allowed locations for a given product (doors, openings and walls), if it passes the hose stream test, if it meets temperature rise criteria, and the fire rating in minutes (2012 IBC Table 716.3). These were updated in the 2018 edition and can be found in 2021 IBC Table 716.1(1).
• Use of automatic sprinklers disallowed during fire tests – Prior to the 2012 IBC, some fire-rated glass manufacturers used sprinklers to help their products pass the fire test. Now, to earn a fire rating, products must pass the test based on their own performance, and not as protected by supplemental systems (2021 IBC section 703.2).
• Clarified requirements for fire-protective and fire-resistive glazing – The 2012 IBC updated product tables to clarify where fire-protective and fire-resistive products are allowed or prohibited, the required minimum ratings and how the glass should be marked (2021 IBC Tables 716.1(1), 716.1(2), 716.1(3)).
• Additions to where smoke barriers can be used and their minimum qualities – The 2015 IBC expanded the discussion around the use of smoke barriers, including their construction, ratings, location and explaining where smoke-rated opening requirements could be found (Section 716).
• Clarifying the fire-resistance rating requirements of horizontal assemblies – The 2015 IBC added subsections to Section 711 that directly address the requirements for fire-rated horizontal assemblies across multiple occupancies. To be noted, the fire-resistance ratings for these assemblies shall never be less than that required by the building type of construction (Section 711.2.4).
• Addition of test standards to Section 716.5.5.1 Glazing in Doors – In the 2015 IBC, NFPA 252, UL 10B or UL 10C were added to permissible standards for the testing of fire-rated glazing within a fire door assembly.
• Adding a new mark to the IBC Label – The 2018 IBC added “FC” to the fire label, which certifies a floor/ceiling assembly has past ASTM E119 or UL 263 for use in these locations.

IBC updates for fire-rated openings in 2021 and beyond

Below are the most recent IBC code changes affecting glass and doors. It is important to note while these changes are listed in the current IBC, local codes may differ, so building professionals are encouraged to consult with local codes and discuss any questions with an AHJ.

• Addition of “without automatic sprinklers or any other fire suppression system” to Section 703.2 – This addition to the 2021 IBC clarifies the testing protocols for determining an assembly’s fire rating. The more stringent language limits the breadth of exemptions and alternative material approvals an AHJ can grant while still meeting the intent and requirements of the building code.

As a living document, building codes reflect both the reality of planning for occupant safety and the capabilities of the latest materials and systems. As the current IBC is updated to a newer edition, its specific requirements and scope may change to better accommodate advancing building technology and to ensure modern buildings are designed to meet an achievable baseline of safety.

For more information about designing code-compliant buildings, schedule a time to discuss your next project with Technical Glass Products.